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Emotions are associated with specific patterns of nervous system activation with separate downstream hormonal and immunologic effect.
Acute changes in proinflammatory cytokine activity may be linked to specific emotions, as shame.
Shame is a threat emotion. How do you deal with threat?
1) Attack – Revenge
2) Anxious – flee, submit
3) Self-attacking & self-harm
4) Seek reassurance
5) Self-soothing
6) Other